I can only speak to the schools that I taught in and was an administrator.

We did not teach morals in any school that I taught in with an exception. While I was a principal the last 10 years of my career we did teach character education in a 20 minute class once per week. The results were incredible. I went from 30-35 serious referrals per year to under 10 referrals annually. The importance of this stat was our students behavior changed positively and made it easier to teach.

Cell phones were allowed in class but could not be used. If they were used in class they were taken away. The second time the parent had to pick it up. Cell phones were not a problem in schools that I worked in.

trump doesn't have the power to blow up the public school model since education is controlled by the states and more specifically the local school boards. States typically spell out the minimum credits, and courses required for graduation. The local schools then come up with the rest of the courses/credits it takes to graduate.