1.8 The amount of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is correlated with the severity of the disease, not with protection against the disease.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies appear between 10 and 15 days after the onset of symptoms, which corresponds to the critical period in the progression of the disease, where the condition of some patients worsens rapidly. There is an association between a high titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and a more serious clinical condition (p = 0.006), and this increase in titer is not always accompanied by a decrease in viral load https://tinyurl.com/y8t3vavd. These observations suggest that not only are the antibodies insufficient to clear the virus, but more importantly that they may be involved in an exacerbation of the disease, as observed for SARS patients in 2003 https://tinyurl.com/ybxlzspm. In different strains of mutant mice, the absence of NK, T and B cells does not lead to more severe disease, indicating that the cellular innate response and the adaptive response play only a minor role in controlling SARS-CoV . In a mouse infection model with SARS-CoV, the presence of antibody induced by vaccination reduces viral replication but leads to Th2 type immunopathology https://tinyurl.com/yboauzt3. Similarly in a model of macaque infection with SARS-CoV, the presence of anti-Spike antibodies leads to very severe inflammation of the lungs linked to the pro-inflammatory polarization of alveolar macrophages https://tinyurl.com/yanmfrj9. In conclusion, we absolutely cannot rely on natural immunity to control the spread of COVID-19.